2018年云南通海MS5.0和墨江MS5.9地震前地磁垂直强度极化异常时空特征研究     

樊文杰  姚休义  廖晓峰 《中国地震》2020,36(2):276-283

利用云南11个地磁台站的秒采样观测数据，计算和分析了地磁垂直强度极化值Y_zh在2019年8月13日、14日通海M_S5.0地震前及2019年9月8日墨江M_S5.9地震前的时空变化特征。研究表明，地磁台站Y_zh值的幅度在震前会出现同步增强现象。而与以往的极化震例研究相比，Y_zh值的高值异常在震前出现时间要更早些，可能会在震前2~5个月出现，距发震时间越近，产生的异常幅值可能越大，异常持续时间也越长。同时，研究还发现2次地震主要发生在异常空间等值线的高值区内，尤其在零值阈值线附近，这可能对今后发震地点的预测有一定的指示意义。对比异常产生时段内的D_st指数，认为该高值异常并非由空间电流体系所引起。  相似文献   

Tidal effects on intra-continental earthquake initiation in the Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent areas*          下载免费PDF全文

Guannan Liu  Zhi Wang  Cunxi Liu 《地震科学（英文版）》2020,33(4):209-219

To investigate the tidal effects on intra-continental earthquake initiation in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas, we selected over 1,500 focal mechanism solutions of inland earthquakes (epicenter locates at least 100 km to the coastlines) from Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) project and analyzed the p-values of tidal normal and shear stress as well as tidal Coulomb failure stress. For Coulomb failure stress calculation, we used Coulomb 3.40 software. We find that: (1) p-values of tidal stress change suggests a high tidal correlation of earthquake imitations with tidal normal stress change; (2) when tidal normal stress reached the local maximum values of compression and when tidal shear stress were closed to the positive peaks, earthquakes generated more frequently; (3) particular seismogenic environments such as strong continental plate interactions and the existence of fluids or rheologic substance possibly raise the tidal correlations and (4) higher sensitivity of earthquake initiation to earth tide presents along with higher seismicity, suggesting the rate of rain energy accumulation somehow has a dominating effect on the tidal correlation of earthquake initiation.  相似文献   

Direct finite element method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of concrete dams: Simplification,modeling, and practical application     

Arnkjell Løkke  Anil K. Chopra 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(7):818-842

A direct finite element (FE) method for nonlinear response history analysis of semi-unbounded dam-water-foundation systems has recently been presented. The analysis procedure employs standard viscous-damper absorbing boundaries to model the semi-unbounded foundation and fluid domains and specifies the seismic input as effective earthquake forces—determined from a control motion defined at the foundation surface—at these boundaries. Presented in this paper are several simplifications to this direct FE method that greatly facilitates its implementation in commercial FE software. Also addressed is the modeling of the principal nonlinear mechanisms for concrete dams, calibration of damping in the numerical model to ensure consistency with values measured at actual dams, and practical procedures for implementation of the direct FE method with a commercial FE program.  相似文献   

重庆地震应急资料产出系统研发与应用     

龚丽文  陈石  郭卫英  黄世源  李翠平  高见 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(5):192-199

地震应急资料具有较强的时效性、专业性和多学科融合的特点。中强地震发生后启动应急响应，工作人员需在短时间内产出多学科、跨领域、多手段的专业地震会商资料。以地震会商系统为平台，利用其灵活开发、自动计算和智能分析的优势，建立地震应急资料产出系统（包括会商资料处理模块、应急图件产出模块和震情报告生成模块），通过地震触发，根据预设流程和报告模板，自动产出专业报告，为震情形势研判和震后应急救援提供专业可靠的应急资料，最大限度地发挥应急救援和灾损评估的效能。  相似文献   

2020年1月19日新疆伽师MS6.4地震序列特征及后续趋势分析     

向元  聂晓红  李金  刘建明 《内陆地震》2020,(1):20-29

介绍2020年1月18日新疆伽师M S5.4和1月19日M S6.4两次地震的基本参数、震源机制解、精定位等资料,分析伽师M S6.4地震序列类型、序列衰减特征和余震序列各项数字地震学资料,并就该序列与历史地震序列进行对比,提出震后趋势判定意见。分析认为,该序列为前—主—余型,余震序列衰减较为迅速。  相似文献   

汶川地震同震滑坡物质在震区的滞留和运移及其对龙门山地形演化的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

王伟  刘静  Vincent Godard  张金玉  许冲  李志刚  徐心悦  许强  王鹏  谢克家 《地球物理学报》2018,61(5):1970-1983

2008年M_W7.9汶川地震导致龙门山断裂发生强烈地壳变形，同时引发的巨量同震滑坡加速了该地区的地表剥蚀和河流侵蚀.然而，目前尚缺少系统的数据定量研究滑坡物质的运移以及河流侵蚀速率随时间的演化规律，这些对理解龙门山前缘物质的再分配以及强震对活动造山带地形塑造的作用至关重要.为此，本研究在汶川地震后的6年间，对震区沱江上游3条支流湔江、石亭江、绵远河流域进行了多期次的定点现代河沙采样.通过系统测量河沙中的石英¹⁰Be浓度，并与震前已发表的数据进行对比，发现如下基本特点：（1）震后河沙¹⁰Be浓度均有明显降低，表明同震滑坡物质对河沙的稀释作用；（2）震后河流对河沙的运移量增加为震前的1.3~18.5倍，因此震后龙门山地区侵蚀速率短期显著增加；（3）初步估计得到汶川地震产生的滑坡物质被完全运移出造山带所需要的时间至少为100~4000年，接近龙门山地区强震复发周期；（4）震间和同震产生的构造变形和地表剥蚀在空间上具有互补性.考虑到地表剥蚀引起的地壳均衡反弹效应，认为类似汶川地震的强震有利于龙门山的隆升.认识震前、震时和震后的地壳变形及侵蚀过程有助于更好地理解单次强震事件对高原边界龙门山地形演化的作用.  相似文献   

Ⅶ度抗震设防下牧区居住建筑节能技术研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

薛芸 《地震工程学报》2018,40(1):60-65

对抗震设防下的牧区居民建筑进行节能设计,在提高能源利用率及降低能源消耗方面具有重要意义。传统的建筑节能技术主要通过降低建筑的热能消耗来提高能源利用,存在节能效果差且单一的问题。对此,在Ⅶ度抗震设防下,采用ANSYS软件,引入Block Lanczos法对牧区居住建筑结构的模态进行分析,计算出建筑地震作用,并通过分析牧区居住建筑围护结构及门窗材质来优化建筑节能技术。实验结果表明,在内蒙古牧区居住建筑采用改进提出的建筑节能技术,可有效降低能源消耗,从而能够有效利用能源,使其具有一定的优势。  相似文献   

基于BSWT-DDTFA方法的地球天然脉冲电磁场震前信号时频分析研究          下载免费PDF全文

郝国成  白雨晓  吴敏  王巍  刘辉 《地球物理学报》2018,61(10):4063-4074

地球天然脉冲电磁场（ENPEMF）信号，可理解为地球天然变化磁场的瞬间扰动，携带了大量有用的地质构造及其动力学信息.研究ENPEMF信号所蕴含的时间-频率联合分布特点，有利于深入了解目标对象的地球物理现象及其地质动力学原理.本文针对ENPEMF信号的非平稳特点，在数据驱动时频分析方法（DDTFA）的基础上提出了基于二值化同步压缩小波变换的改进算法（BSWT-DDTFA）.该算法可以实现数据驱动初始相位自动赋值的功能，具有自适应性.实验仿真和实际数据均证明了该改进算法不仅能够得到较为精确的频率曲线和更加清晰的时频分布，而且具有较强的抗噪声能力.以2013年芦山M_S7.0地震为例，利用BSWT-DDTFA方法提取ENPEMF信号的时频特性，结果表明ENPEMF信号的时间-频率-幅度分布在震前有明显的异常特征.  相似文献   

联合概率法在合并相邻台网地震目录中的应用:以2014年鲁甸序列为例          下载免费PDF全文

龙锋  蒋长胜  祁玉萍  刘自凤  傅莺 《地球物理学报》2018,61(7):2815-2827

中国目前实行的区域地震台网独立运行机制，使得在相邻不同台网的交界地区可能存在多个版本的地震目录和震相观测报告，影响了地震活动性分析与研究.为此，本文提出了一种基于联合概率的方法，可标明两个或多个相邻台网目录中相同的事件，合并它们的震相数据开展重新定位，并重构不同台网交界地区的统一地震目录.该方法的思路与分析步骤是：首先，计算获得不同台网之间具有最小发震时刻差异的两两地震的时空强差异分布，查找并剔除独立地震，计算事件合并的联合概率；其次，基于联合概率分析合并不同台网的地震目录和震相观测报告，对合并事件进行重新定位和定位误差分析，并基于G-R关系检验重构目录的完整性.本文以2014年鲁甸地震序列为例的初步应用结果显示，震相合并之后的地震定位精度相比之前单个台网的结果，特别是相比四川台网的目录，定位精度提高非常显著，合并后的目录与之前相对完整的云南目录接近，但相比由两个台网目录简单拼凑而成的目录更加准确.此外，研究还发现在目录合并过程中，对于4级以上的中强震，应选择M_S而不是以M_L震级标度；震相合并后被复用台站记录的到时信息可用于检测不同台网间的震相拾取是否存在系统偏差.本文提出的方法使得在相邻不同台网的过渡区形成一个统一且尽可能准确可靠的地震目录成为可能.  相似文献   

STUDY FOR ABNORMAL VARIATIONS OF UNDERGROUND FLUID IN LIJIANG AREA,YUNNAN PROVINCE BEFORE LUDIAN M_S6.5 EARTHQUAKE IN 2014     

YANG Zhu-zhuan  DENG Zhi-hui  YANG Yue-wen  DENG Sheng-chang  LI Qing 《地震地质》2018,40(2):480-498

The study is based on the underground fluid observation data in Lijiang area, northwest Yunnan Province. The data include the water level and temperature in Dangxiao well and Jinjia well, and the ion measurements in Ganze spring. Combining with the data of regional hydrogeology, rainfall, well structures, and the geothermal gradient, we analyzed the variations of each measurement item before the Ludian M_S6.5 earthquake on August 3, 2014 and discussed the possible mechanism for the abnormal variations. The water levels of both Dangxiao well and Jinjia well are influenced by local rainfall, but the former shows hysteresis according to rainy seasons and is the long trend influence; while the latter shows synchronization between high water level and rainy season, indicating good connection between well water and shallow aquifer. The recharge water for Dangxiao well is in relatively low temperature, and the temperature sensor is located at the major connecting section between the well water and the aquifer; the water temperature variation is mainly affected by the discharge status and variation of water level. The Jinjia well is always in static level, and the temperature sensor is below the major connecting section between the well water and aquifer, so the water temperature is affected little by water level variations and in smooth fluctuation. The recharge source for Ganze spring can generally increase the contents of calcium and magnesium ions, so does the conductivity. The water level data of Dangxiao well since 2012 are decomposed with wavelet technique. The results, excluding such high-frequency components as the noise and the semidiurnal and daily wave components influenced by earth tide, are further processed with difference method in order to eliminate the trend effect. The results show that the relative change of water level is enhanced and in relatively rapid increase before the Ludian M_S6.5 earthquake; the corresponding water temperature values are high. The tendency of water level in Jinjia well displays descending, while the corresponding water temperature shows ascending. The content of calcium ion, magnesium ion, bicarbonate ion, and conductivity of Ganze spring are descending, while the content of fluoride ion is ascending. The abnormal variations of underground fluid in Lijiang area appeared in turns and were accompanied with minor earthquakes before Ludian M_S6.5 earthquake, which indicates enhancing of regional stress and increasing of fluid activity.  相似文献